Financial Planning Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Financial Planning Master - Essay Example This is done keeping in view the non deductible outcome regarding the superannuation funds at the age of sixty. They are advised to take Total permanent disability insurance that covers both life and disability insurance. In case of disability it will provide minimum possible income and the lump sum of amount mentioned as life cover. Along with the insurance cover, they are advised to opt for income protection scheme that replaces the 75 percent of the income and 15 percent of superannuation funds. The advice for Gavin and Joanne was given keeping their aggressive nature of investing. As they have enough cash after expenses including school fees they have enough opportunities to invest. Nevertheless, they are advised to invest with the equity of their immovable property and a limited investment in income protections and insurance schemes. This is due to the fact to keep the cash for the next next financial year for new government decisions regarding superannuation and income protecti on scheme policies. After two years of superannuation changes there is a chance of bringing changes in them and the surplus of cash in the hand can help in utilizing the new opportunities put forward by the government. 2.1 Mode of planning: The holistic approach to plan the financial future is known as financial planning. Setting short and long term goals are involved in it. Strategies are planned to achieve these goals. Financial back ground, current financial position, insurance position and the financial goals and aims. The planning should be done by developing a strategy taking into account all the factors that outline the work towards the financial goals. The investment plan will be with relevant investment vehicles and asset mixes that are been identified with the client. The financial planning depends on the following1. Setting life style goals 2. Budgeting cash flow planning 3. Structural advice 4. Wealth protection and contingency planning 5. Retirement planning and savings 6. Investment planning 7. Retirement planning and income streams 8. Estate planning 9. Product recommendations 1 2.2 Needs of the client: The needs of any client are about setting life style goals. To set a goal better than now and to sustain it. Clients Gavin and Joanne have a kid going to school and soon enter college. They have two homes one for each and a loan to repay. This makes them compulsory to plan the regular income to pay for the college of their kid in the future and to pay the bank loan on the home they own without disturbing the superannuation outcomes. This requires contingency planning with the available income. For this purpose, the incomes of Gavin and Joanne should be taken into consideration. This requires new investment in the superannuation, income protection and insurance schemes. It is better to have returns by the time of their son entering college to make him enable to study without working part time. 2.3 Superannuation ending at June 2007: They are trying to contribute superannuation to escape tax paying. By the year ending with June

The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations Coursework

The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations in Chile in 1973, ranging from inter- personal, familial, community, political organizations, and the Chilean nation - Coursework Example While Gonzalo belongs to an upper class family, Pedro belongs to a lower class poor family. But the egalitarian enthusiasm of the school priests and fathers leads them to grant scholarship to a few lower class boys so that they can attend school. This moment marks the beginning of a deep friendship between Gonzalo and Pedro, which the director has skillfully employed to construct the later plot of the story in a way that the theme of social classes and the political conditions of Chile become apparent. Then follows an appropriately paced sequence of scenes that delves the audience into the setting of the film: the Chile of 1973. Here onwards, the story unfolds to demonstrate the social, economic, and political conditions of the 1970s Chile through the lens of these two boys. â€Å"Class antagonism†, as identified by Martin-Cabrera and Voionmaa (2007), is an evident element of the film which is established quite early. The social experiment carried out by Father McEnroe allows children from shanty towns to obtain scholarship into the private English school run by him. As a result, poor lower class students get to study with their rich upper class counterparts. Gonzalo is among those who belong to the upper class living in a rich household whereas Pedro is a poor boy who lives in the shanty towns nearby. This social experiment allows the two polar classes to attend school together thereby bringing both sides to the extremes of the life they live. In a symbolic way, the social experiment closely resembles a real experiment reflecting the socialist, egalitarian policies of the government led by Salvador Allende. In Machuca (2007), as the new development of the experiment takes place the slum boys are mixed with elite bourgeoisie boys. However, the ex periment does not initially seem to be successful as the two antagonistic classes have a hard time integrating and assimilating with the

How We Can Make the World a Better Place Essay Example for Free

How We Can Make the World a Better Place Essay Every day, and I mean every day, the world slowly gets a better chance of surviving an epidemic. But every day, the world slightly perishes and begins to crumble. And I don’t mean literally crumble. Maybe just a little. But anyways the world starts becoming a bad place to live in. Whether it’s from pollution or foreign matter. But I will be talking about pollution mostly. People pollute every second of the day. I’m serious. And the bad thing is that there may not be a way to stop these people from polluting. Governments and agencies have tried numerous times to encourage people to stop even if it’s slowly at a time. And now they try to help by coming out with electric cars and allow recycling more often. Yet is it enough? It may be but then again it’s most likely not. You see, the sun lets light in so we can see and have nutrients. And there is the little thing called the ozone layer that keeps a little of the sun in but not a lot of it. With the ozone layer, the heat and light from the sun bounces back towards itself. Like I said, the ozone layer only allows a little of the sun in. yet, by pollution the ozone layer becomes thinner and thinner allowing more sun to come in and fry us. I’ll break it down for you. Lets take smoke from refineries or a car. The smoke goes in to the air and mixes with the clouds. But some of that smokes breaks through and collides with the ozone layer causing erosion which makes the ozone layer thinner, allowing more sun in. Pollution is bad! But that’s not the only kind of pollution. Lets talk about out lovely streets and plants. Although its hard to call them lovely. Take an ordinary beautiful garden maintained by caring people. Example: Bob waters his garden and clears it of weeds regularly. Everyone who walks by tells Bob that his garden is beautiful with a capital B. yet what Bob and all the others don’t know is that under that beautiful garden lies deadly fumes that slowly kill the flowers. A year later, Bob finds his garden unexpectedly dying. What Bob also doesn’t know is that the house that was built on his wonderful grass has eroded over the past few years allowing the deadly material of the house to seep underground and spread throughout the yard. Therefore, killing his beautiful garden. The End. Or is it? Every day we pass by trash on the streets and don’t bother to pick it up. Some don’t because they are lazy and some others don’t because they are embarrassed. Id sometimes be counted as the one with embarrassment. But not always. Anyways, what I’m proposing is that instead of ignoring all those boring environmental commercials on  television, we should actually listen to them and join hands to erase all the pollution. After that problem is wiped out, we’d have a better place to live in and live a longer, healthier life. But first if we must start little, then it’s best if we start with the trash we see on our own streets. Recycle more often too. It really helps get waste off the street. Join community service programs and aim for captain of the litter removal club. Just talk to your counselor or environmental adviser. In my own opinion, I know you will be the best. Thank you.

Change Management Proposal For Parkway Nursing Care Management Essay

Change Management Proposal For Parkway Nursing Care Management Essay Park way nursing is also a business and, like every other business, it needs good management to keep it running smoothly. .The occupation, medical and health services manager encompasses all individuals who plan, direct, coordinate, and supervise the delivery of healthcare. Medical and health services managers include specialists and generalists. Specialists are in charge of specific clinical departments or services, while generalists manage or help to manage an entire facility or system. The structure and financing of healthcare is changing rapidly. Future medical and health services managers must be prepared to deal with evolving integrated healthcare delivery systems, technological innovations, an increasingly complex regulatory environment, restructuring of work, and an increased focus on preventive care. They will be called upon to improve efficiency in healthcare facilities and the quality of the healthcare provided. Increasingly, medical and health services managers will work in organizations in which they must optimize efficiency of a variety of interrelated services. The healthcare professions all involve life and death situations. In these situations, quality is crucial and quantity is irrelevant, Health care is continually changing in the way health care professionals like individual practitioners and clinical managers organize and deliver care to the patients. For this reason, health care knowledge must continuously grow and expand to keep health care approaches relevant, current and appropriate. Without new knowledge, health care professionals cannot improve techniques for therapies and even management. 2 Survey Results: Survey results suggesting that No of patients going up but the staff members quantity are still the same. The staff member having plenty of problems like injuries, incidents, absences. Lots of this problem indicates that AI is not good for the company. Hospital nurse staffing is a matter of major concern because of the effects it can have on patient safety and quality of care, members are worried because management only focuses on expand the business, but they couldnt able to balance the ratio between staff member and patients. If the management doesnt able to manage staff properly then the problem comes. The concern is certain things cant calculate like caring of the patients, feelings, help, and relationship etc. The management should be develops service unit goals; identifies, plans, and coordinates new programs; reviews policy and procedure manuals to assure that they are current; provides expert nursing consultation to staff, patients and public; monitors and evaluates patient c are for ethical, legal, and safe conduct; ensures proper and safe functioning of unit equipment and promotes individual and environmental safety; resolves patient care problems and provides direct patient care. The Nurse Manager makes final decisions regarding operations of work unit and defers to an administrative superior regarding policy decisions with broad impact or agency-wide scope. Problems Identification: Parkway having sufficient problem with staffing injuries, patients satisfaction, communication, absences, incidents with patients, many staff are dissatisfied with their jobs, shifting problem, stressà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc the most common problem are followsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Staffing Parkway focuses on filling the beds. Quality and service drop Staff and patients injuries Communication No of patients are increases but no extra staff. No Increment no bonus. Physical Demand Need to recruit strong new staff who can lift the patients easily Female nurses troubling to lift male patients Able to push the Beds, gurneys, and wheelchairs Communicate face to face with individuals Read, write, speak and understand the English language Documentation: (Electronic) Government requirement Staff has to learn new things A medical record should accurately reflect Electronic health records systems can also provide additional functionality, such as interactive alerts to clinicians, interactive flow sheets, and tailored order sets, all of which cant be done be done with paper-based systems. Training Focus on filling beds: Shortages of staff but no of patients increase Management always need big business Not enough motivation Not enough staff Change Management Strategy: Any nature of business employees is a most important assets; this is why they created the Human Resource department. Its purpose is to manage, train and look after the workers of the business. It is also their responsibility to implement health and safety legislation at work and look after the employees. There are many roles that this department manages; these ultimately help the business to achieve its objectives. These include: Manpower planning. Recruitment and selection. Induction and training. Promotion and transfers Appraisal and termination of employment Rewards and conditions of employment. Working conditions. Career development and welfare. Wage bargaining and disputes. An effective and efficient business manages their employees or human resources well. The better this is done, the more the workers will be happier, better motivated, more productive and more responsive. Forms of resistance Leadership must come from the top level. Not enough staff against increase patient staff has to work long hours. Focus in the profit never increase staff position can worse. Documentation (Electronic) old staff using manual, if you go for new electronic system the old staff do not want to use new system. Patient staff injuries Absents . Resistance in Parkway People feel unsecure with their job. People not willing to take on additional responsibilities Lack of communication with management. Nurses not willing to let go of the bond that they have developed with the patients. Overcoming the resistances Improve the working environment. Train new people (if recruit new staff) and current staff too. Implement documentation (electronic) Communicate with the current employee thats if they start new training is good for them once they know job is safe for them resistance ratio will come down. Try to reduce injury to patients as well as staff. Motivation Implementation : Our methods use several basic principles. You are always the leader we only facilitate. When facilitating, demonstrating and teaching we use examples from our personal experience. If an exercise or workshop is needed you do not perform theoretical exercises. You will use actual live situations in your own organization. Here are some of the exercises that can be used in Leadership Implementation: Survey: You identify the areas which will get affected by change in the implementation in the first step. We conduct a survey that will reveal to you the size of challenge you face in implementation. It includes essential information for successful implementation: identification of positive/negative attitudes that will help or hinder critical tasks to make it happen, milestones that must be met and much other data for a successful plan. Breakthrough: This exercise focuses you on the one or two key elements that block the implementation. Once identified, we help you break through the blocks so that the implementation proceeds smoothly and quickly Start Event: This facilitated event is designed to communicate your message and the essential steps for a successful implementation. The audience is all the people that will implement or be affected by the process. The feeling of commitment out of this event is profound and without parallel in conventional training. Strategy Event: Strategy for implementation is required at many different levels. There is the overall master strategy. There are also mini-strategies within it. The most important are the many mini-strategies that departments, work-groups and individuals must use to adapt from their current state to the new process. The techniques used in this event make sure that they are comprehensive, pertinent to the master strategy, and truly implementable. Change Event: Most people are familiar with the Change Curve that describes the inevitable emotional reactions people experience before they finally accept and embrace a change. But how to straighten it? Or how to compress it? Whatever analogy you use, the techniques used here help people move through the Change Curve as quickly as possible. This accelerates the benefit of the implementation Communication Plan: A well executed communication plan is critical to the success of a new project. These techniques help you identify what must be communicated, how, the audience and the best methods. Executive Coaching: One of our central competencies is Executive Coaching. It covers CEOs and all other executive levels. What sets our method apart is its focus on rapid results. Senior executives do not have time for multiple-year codependent therapy-like coaching relationships. The market environment rewards or punishes quarterly. Our method is attuned to this requirement for speed. The above examples are illustrative of some of our Leadership Implementation services. They can be used singly, such as Executive Coaching, or in combination for a full-fledged implementation of a new process, project, program or corporate culture change. Our Facilitators are experienced, trained and sensitive to the dynamics of group meetings. Their participation in your implementation will help you achieve optimum results fast. Implement your project by contacting us at the phone, e-mail or address below. Creating a leadership strategy: Strategic leadership provides the vision, direction, the purpose for growth, and context for the success of the corporation. It also initiates outside-the-box thinking to generate future growth. Strategic leadership is not about micromanaging business strategies. Rather, it provides the umbrella under which businesses devise appropriate strategies and create value. Review the business strategy Leaders play a critical role during change implementation, the period from the announcement of change through the installation of the change. During this middle period the organization is the most unstable, characterized by confusion, fear, loss of direction, reduced productivity, and lack of clarity about direction and mandate. It can be a period of emotionalism, with employees grieving for what is lost, and initially unable to look to the future. In addition to forecast and amiability, the characteristics that leader must have are ability to recognize employees talents, the know-how to make teams work and an open mind. Leadership does vary to some extent as per the positions i.e. it may be slight different for manager and different for a union leader but the basic qualities of leadership does not change. 1. Good communication skill Communication is the key to be a great leader. The reason for this is simple: if he possesses the other nine leadership qualities but if he fails to communicate well, he will never be great leader. What he can do is communicate with others in the organization about what IT can do to move the company forward. In other words, good communication is the key for developing good business relationships. If he cant establish a good business working communicate how IT can add long-term value to the company. The modern leaders must therefore be equipped with good communication skill and use new ways to do effective communication. 2. Honesty The most valuable asset of a leader is honesty. He must be honest with both his employees and the management committee. Another part of his features is integrity. Once a leader compromises his or her integrity, it is lost. That is perhaps the reason integrity is considered the most admirable trait. The leaders therefore must keep it above all else. 3. Visionary outlook Leadership qualities are different for different position. For a CIO he must be thinking for stabilizing the current business and always looking for future scope of expansion. He has to be able to look beyond where we are today, know where the business is going, and be able to use that vision to move the company forward. Being able to do this is a rare skill indeed. 4. Selectingagoodteam A good CIO although he possesses sound technical skills he assures that the team he selects is efficient enough to back up any skill he lacks. Choosing the best people for such team is a skill. A CIO after all is a human being and does not have answer for everything. But by working together he creates an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect; the team then always find the best solution. 5. Action speaks louder than words Managers must be able to put aside their concerns to listen to (and appear to listen to) those around them. As a result, they come know what is going on, and know what is both said, and said between the lines. They have the knack of appearing to know what people need even if those needs are not expressed directly. However, knowing what is going on, and identifying the needs of those around them is not sufficient. The responsive manager also acts upon that knowledge, attempting to help fulfill the needs of employees, superiors, etc. Responsive managers wield influence to solve problems for those around them, often before even being asked. 6. Ability to motivate people around a good leader must always keep motivating his team mates for good work and should maintain healthy environment. He must give first priority to safety of workers and see that they are not exploited by superiors. 7. Consistency Leadership effectiveness is impossible without consistency. Every leader has an approach that is unique to them. Dont change your personal style radically after all; it got you in a leadership position. Modify the rough spots but take care not to confound your staff by displaying inconsistency. Your expectations, though subject to modification based on ever-changing business needs, should remain as constant as possible. The business world is confusing enough without you adding unwelcome surprises into the mix. Keep things simple and consistent. 8. Ability to stand against critics as the success rate increases your critics multiply and become louder. Come to peace with the fact that you will always have a camp of people who critique every decision you make. They are generally the ones who are excellent problem-identifiers rather than problem-solvers. Develop your skills of repelling such critics so that they do not diminish your confidence or enthusiasm. It takes focus and confidence not to be adversely affected by criticism. Strong leaders learn the art of listening to critics, but ultimately making decisions for the good of the department, not to simply please the critics. Identify the driver of strategy Management should introduce different types of elements. Focuses on customer. More opportunity Improvement Assess current leadership situation compare to the desired future In current leadership situation in Park way asking following quotations What leadership skills and perspectives are critical for success now and in the future? How strong are current leaders in these critical skills and perspectives? How aligned is todays leadership strength with what will be the most important skill and perspectives in the future? Desire future in Parkwayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Change of environment Strong leadership Solution for staff Communication Recruitment and training Security Growth Recommended leadership style There are many kind of leadership style à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.some are as follows Autocratic leadership Bureaucratic leadership Charismatic leadership Democratic leadership or participative leadership Laissez-faire leadership People-oriented leadership or relations-oriented leadership Servant leadership Task-Oriented leadership Transactional leadership Transformational leadership For Parkway recommended leadership style should be Charismatic leadership because Parkway having a serious problem with communicationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Charismatic leadership style can seem similar to transformational leadership, because these leaders inspire lots of enthusiasm in their teams and are very energetic in driving others forward. However, charismatic leaders can tend to believe more in themselves than in their teams, and this creates a risk that a project, or even an entire organization, might collapse if the leader leaves. In the eyes of the followers, success is directly connected to the presence of the charismatic leader. As such, charismatic leadership carries great responsibility, and it needs a long-term commitment from the leader. Leader behaviors of Home Directors Behavioral theories focus on how leaders behaveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Common Behaviors are: (1) Creating a leadership platform; (2) Becoming the principal-learner and principal-teacher about leadership (3) Affirming and teaching the powerful roles of organizational beliefs, vision, and Mission. (4) Leading and modeling reciprocity of accountability (5) Building collegiality around problems of practice (6) Emulating the actions of successful coaches (7) Developing the cultural understanding and affirmation that leadership and growth bring discomfort. (8) Developing a sense of professionalism throughout the organization consistent with professionalism as demonstrated in and expected of other learned professions. Leadership behavior of supervisor: THE SUPERVISORS ROLE Supervisors have a general legal duty to take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances to protect workers. In addition, they have the following specific duties outlined in the Act and regulations. Supervisors must be familiar with the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety. Supervisors must be knowledgeable about potential or actual health and safety hazards in the workplace and advice workers about these hazards. Supervisors must ensure that equipment; materials and protective devices required by regulation are provided to workers and maintained in good condition. Supervisors must ensure that workers follow workplace procedures and use protective equipment required by the University or by any applicable regulations. Supervisors must provide information, instruction and supervision to a worker to protect the health or safety of the worker. Supervisors must ensure that subordinate supervisors have or acquire knowledge of the Supervisors must ensure that an up-to-date inventory is maintained of all designated substances, hazardous materials and hazardous physical agents present in the workplace. Supervisors must ensure that all hazardous materials present in the workplace are identified and labeled. Supervisors must ensure that material safety data sheets are readily available for all hazardous materials present in the workplace. Supervisors must ensure that workers exposed to a hazardous material or hazardous physical agent receive and participate in prescribed instruction and training. Supervisors must ensure hazardous materials present in the workplace are disposed of in the manner prescribed by University procedures and applicable regulations. In the case of a workplace injury, supervisors must ensure that prompt medical attention is provided and must report the circumstances of the injury to the Office of Environmental Health and Safety within 24 hours. Job Stress in Parkway: Workplace stress is the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs when there is a poor match between job demands and the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. arly Warning Signs that coping with workplace stress is becoming difficult for an employee are Headache, Upset stomach, Sleep problems, Irritability and short temper, Difficulty in concentrating, Job dissatisfaction, Low morale, etc Source of Stress Job stress comes in many different forms and affects your body in various ways. Minor sources of stress may include equipment that wont work or phones that wont quit ringing. Major stress comes from having too much work, not having enough work, doing work that is unfulfilling, fearing a job layoff, or not getting along with your boss. Usually it is the major sources of stress that lead to burnout, causing people to become unhappy and less productive in their work. Job stress can affect your health and home life as well. Low levels of stress may not be noticeable; slightly higher levels can be positive and challenge you to act in creative and resourceful ways; and high levels can be harmful, contributing to chronic disease. According to the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), these are job conditions that may lead to stressà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. The design of tasks. Heavy workload, infrequent rest breaks, long work hours and shift work; hectic and routine tasks that have little inherent meaning, do not utilize workers skills, and provide little sense of control. Management style. Lack of participation by workers in decision-making, poor communication in the organization and lack of family-friendly policies. Interpersonal relationships. Poor social environment and lack of support or help from coworkers or supervisors. Work roles. Conflicting or uncertain job expectations, too much responsibility, too many hats to wear. Career concerns. Job insecurity and lack of opportunity for growth, advancement, or promotion; rapid changes for which workers are unprepared. Environmental conditions. Unpleasant or dangerous physical conditions such as crowding, noise, air pollution, or ergonomic problems. Action Require: Control: This factor is the most closely related to job stress. Studies show that workers who believe that they have a great deal of responsibility but little control or decision-making power in their jobs are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and other stress-related illnesses. Increased responsibilities. Giving on additional responsibilities to the staff job can be stressful. This can be worse if your staff have too much work to do and they are unable to say no to new tasks or projects. Competence. Are your staffs concerned about their ability to perform well? Are they challenged enough, but not too much? Do your staff feel secure in their job? Job insecurity is a major source of stress for many people. Clarity. Feeling uncertain about what their duties are, how they may be changing, or what your departments or organizations goals are can lead to stress. Communication. Workplace tension often results from poor communication, which in turn increases job stress. An inability to express your concerns, frustrations, or other emotions can also lead to increased stress. Support. Feeling unsupported by to your staff may make it harder to resolve other problems at work that are causing them stress. Significance. If your staff dont find their job meaningful or take pride in it, they may find it stressful. Stress Management plan- Emotional stress usually occurs in situations people consider difficult or challenging. Different people consider different situations to be stressful. Physical stress refers to a physical reaction of the body to various triggers. The pain experienced after surgery is an example of physical stress. Physical stress often leads to emotional stress, and emotional stress often occurs as physical stress (e.g., stomach cramps). About to reduce stress of staff Parkway should follow à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Improve environment Organize get to gather for staff Celebration Laughter Time management Some form of physical exercise Sharing and connecting with your support network on a regular basis Attention to good diet and healthy nutrition Regular time set aside on a daily basis to unwind relax A repertoire of leisure activities Regular sleep and rest Some employers assume that stressful working conditions are a necessary evil-that companies must turn up the pressure on workers and set aside health concerns to remain productive and profitable in todays economy. But research findings challenge this belief. Studies show that stressful working conditions are actually associated with increased absenteeism, tardiness, and intentions by workers to quit their jobs-all of which have negative effects on the bottom line. Conclusion: A nurse is someone who basically takes care of the people. They are in charge of the welfare of their patients who are recovering from sickness and disease. They work with a health team which specializes on this matter. They are usually tasked to work with a doctor to ensure the proper medication and care is given to their patients. Since nurses are a part of the medical team, they too can work in the research field. They can contribute to the existing knowledge about nursing. Of course, nursing is also a science and nurses just do not do what the doctor tells them to do. Research s something which should be done continuously, so working in the research field is always in demand. Nurses are the workhorses of any hospital or health care facility. They are the ones who care for the patient taking vital signs, recording symptoms, giving medicine, bathing and comforting, moving the patient from place to place, and making sure the patient is getting everything that is needed to help them get well. Some nurses can prescribe certain medications, just like doctors. Nowadays, you are more likely to receive medical care from a nurse than from a doctor, since nearly all doctors offices have nurse practitioners who can do almost anything the doctor would do. Implicit rationing of nursing care is an important newly identified organizational variable reflecting processes in acute care nursing and appears to be directly linked to patient outcomes. Rationing offers promise as a measure of the impacts of staffing and the quality of the nurse practice environment on patient outcomes. As an indicator of the understudied processes of care affected by organizational conditions in hospitals, measures of rationing could assist in building theory in this area of outcomes research. Rationing levels, analyzed alongside other data, may help health systems and hospitals determine the minimum staffing and skill mix levels necessary to achieve desired patient outcomes and inform administrative decisions and policy.

The Roaring Twenties Essay -- America 1920s

The Roaring Twenties Rarely has the world seen such a unique decade in time as the Roaring Twenties. It was an age of prosperity and change. The United States experienced a recession that was followed by a period of unlimited prosperity. Although the United States encountered both positive and negative experiences, it proved to be very influential in the future. The 1920's were definitely "Roaring" in more ways than one. There were major changes in American Society during the 1920's that took place. Many new industries emerged during this decade that influenced society and the American way of life. Even the federal government had different feelings about the business industry. The characteristics of this decade made the 1920's one never to be forgotten in America because of its influence. During the 1920's a dramatic change occurred in American Society. American people experienced a period in their life that would not only affect the economy but even their own personal lives. African Americans had little to celebrate in this period except for the cultural movements such as Harlem Renaissance, which they introduced themselves. The 1920's were a period that reached both blacks and whites and forced everyone to pay attention. Racial incidents still took place throughout the United States before the 1920's. In 1920 the women?s suffrage was finally achieved with the nineteenth amendment. This was also a change because it left the women's movement confused and uncertain about its goals and its future strategies. Prohibition played a key role in the Roaring Twenties and the early years of the depression. It was the sale or manufacture of illegal alcohol. To prohibit the sale of illegal alcohol was an attempt to us... ...nist who put on many shows. He proved to be very influential and was a hero to American people. Lindbergh flew a single engine airplane across the Atlantic Ocean. He flew from New York to Paris in 33 hours and 30 minutes. Communications Industry also emerged throughout the Roaring Twenties. World War I influenced the commercial industry. The Radio was the main influence during the 1920?s. It was an Italian invention used during World War I. The radio was found in almost every American home for entertainment. The President broadcasted his in inaugural speech for the first time on the radio. The Radio allowed the American people to listen to political speeches. This was also an advantage for baseball fans. Baseball fans could listen to a live broadcast of the Brooklyn Dodgers. Overall the Radio was a huge influence in the 1920?s and is still now very important.

Free Essay on Ecology of a Cracker Childhood :: Cracker

Free Essay on Ecology of a Cracker Childhood      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By reading Ecology of a Cracker Childhood, it is safe to assume that Janisse Ray, the main character, author, is one who doesn't conform and has a stubborn nature. For instance, when Ray wants to play football with the boys in her class at recess she gets angered when they tell her no she can not play with them; so instead of accepting their reply she jumps in the game anyway and tackles the boy with the football.   The boys angry with the fact that their friend, a guy, got tackled by a girl went chasing after her. Why did Ray feel the need to make a statement by taking down the boy with the football? Perhaps it was her feminist nature, driving her to show the boys that just because she was a female didn't mean that she was not able to do as they did. Whether or not it was feminism, Ray, still has the heart of a revolutionary.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ray suspected that the boys' rejection was due to the fact that she was a girl, but her suspicions were repudiated when she saw a girl playing with them. The only difference between Janisse and the other girl was that the other girl was not wearing a dress.   The Ray family's religious convictions required the females of the family to wear a dress, providing for the boys uneasiness when it came down to allowing her to play with them. Janisse, dress or not, felt capable of partaking in the sport. It is women like Ray, who will not take no for an answer, that has brought equal rights to their gender in sports, jobs and even around the house.    America was founded, and has been very successful because of people like Ray, who want to leave their backgrounds or use them to learn from them in order to better their lives in the future; the kind of people that will do anything, whether it is leaving their homeland for a foreign soil in search of a new life and freedom, or tackling the boy with the football. Things have been changed, invented, and made better by people that will not take no for an answer. Free Essay on Ecology of a Cracker Childhood :: Cracker Free Essay on Ecology of a Cracker Childhood      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By reading Ecology of a Cracker Childhood, it is safe to assume that Janisse Ray, the main character, author, is one who doesn't conform and has a stubborn nature. For instance, when Ray wants to play football with the boys in her class at recess she gets angered when they tell her no she can not play with them; so instead of accepting their reply she jumps in the game anyway and tackles the boy with the football.   The boys angry with the fact that their friend, a guy, got tackled by a girl went chasing after her. Why did Ray feel the need to make a statement by taking down the boy with the football? Perhaps it was her feminist nature, driving her to show the boys that just because she was a female didn't mean that she was not able to do as they did. Whether or not it was feminism, Ray, still has the heart of a revolutionary.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ray suspected that the boys' rejection was due to the fact that she was a girl, but her suspicions were repudiated when she saw a girl playing with them. The only difference between Janisse and the other girl was that the other girl was not wearing a dress.   The Ray family's religious convictions required the females of the family to wear a dress, providing for the boys uneasiness when it came down to allowing her to play with them. Janisse, dress or not, felt capable of partaking in the sport. It is women like Ray, who will not take no for an answer, that has brought equal rights to their gender in sports, jobs and even around the house.    America was founded, and has been very successful because of people like Ray, who want to leave their backgrounds or use them to learn from them in order to better their lives in the future; the kind of people that will do anything, whether it is leaving their homeland for a foreign soil in search of a new life and freedom, or tackling the boy with the football. Things have been changed, invented, and made better by people that will not take no for an answer.

Persuasive Language Techniques

Persuasive Language Techniques 1. Attacks Attacks are a version of playing the man, not the ball. If you can make your opposition seem less credible, you may be more likely to get a reader to agree with your side of the argument. At the least, attention can be taken away from the issue itself and put on to the personality. Attacks can attempt to belittle or embarrass or just plain insult an opponent. The idea is that the weaker you can make your opposition appear, the stronger you and your contention will appear. Example text: That’s the sort of suggestion I’d expect from a nose-in-the-air toff like Turnbull. . Colloquial Language Colloquial (slang) language can be used in different ways. It can set the writer up as knowledgeable, on the inside of a social group. A writer may also use slang in a sarcastic manner, to attack an opponent or mock an argument. It may also be used to appeal to a reader’s own sense of cultural identity, or reinforce a writer’s ov erall tone. Example text: She’s a top sheila that Jessica Rowe. Channel Nine are stark raving to give her the boot. 3. Emotive Appeals Like many persuasive techniques, emotive appeals aim to engage people’s feelings, not logic or reason. If a writer can manipulate a reader to feel a certain way, that reader should be more likely to agree with the writer’s overall contention. Often writers will use other forms of persuasive language techniques in order to appeal to people’s emotions. There is a huge variety of emotive responses that can be aimed at by writers, such as: Democracy Family valuesHedonismReason and logic Charity Fashion-senseHip-pocket nerveSafety CompassionFear of changeMoralitySelf-interest Environmentalism FreedomNostalgiaSense of justice Fairness Group loyaltyPatriotismVanity Example text 1: Soon we will see civilians lying dead in our own streets if we do not act against terrorism. Example text 2: In our society today there are people living without food or adequate shelter. Such basics of life can be provided if those of us who can afford to, give to organisations such as the Salvation Army, to help those unable to help themselves. 4. Inclusive language Inclusive language aims to directly address the reader, either personally or as a member of a shared group. This involves using such words as us, we, you, our. Example text: It is time for us to show our belief in the value of mateship and a fair go, and give generously to the Good Friday Appeal. 5. Rhetorical question A rhetorical question is one in which the answer is so obvious it is not required. The idea here is not to receive an answer, merely to reinforce a point. Example text: Should footballers be treated as above the law? Persuasive Language Techniques 6. Exaggeration A writer may describe a situation in forceful, overblown language in order to make the issue seem more important or urgent than it may otherwise be considered. Exaggerating the scale of an issue can draw an emotional response from a reader. Also known as hyperbole. Example text: Councils are losing the war against vandals. 7. Emphasis There are three types of emphasis that writers use to draw the reader’s attention to a specific point or idea: Repetition; Cumulation and Alliteration Repetition Repeating a single word a number of times over is repetition. Example text: We will all suffer for years to come unless we stop this government, stop them in the workplace, stop them in the polls, and stop them on election day. Cumulation Using many similar words in a short space is cumulation. Example text: This task requires guts, determination, grit and willpower. Alliteration Repetition of the first sound in consecutive words is alliteration. Example text: To rip people off so blatantly shows Mr. Craven to be cruel, calculating and crooked. 8. Evidence. There are three main types of evidence: Anecdotal; Expert Opinion and Statistical Anecdotal evidence An anecdote is a tale involving real life events, a true story. Such stories can be used by writers as evidence to back their claims. To support a contention, and to make themselves appear more credible, writers often use personal anecdotes. Example text: I can tell you that, as a single mother of two, I received very little in the way of financial support during my attempts to return to fulltime work. Expert opinion To make a writer’s position seem more credible, they may quote the opinions of experts that correspond with their own. As in a court case, experts are often called on to make one side seem stronger and more believable. Example text: My stand on the issue of exposed underwear is supported by fashion designer Ruby Reed, who recently stated: â€Å"Anyone whose underwear is exposed due to low slung jeans should be punished as forcefully as possible. † Statistical evidence Like any form of evidence, statistics can be used to make an argument seem more conclusive, a writer’s opinion more valid. Often statistics are used that are out of context, or from unreliable sources. As the saying goes, â€Å"There are lies, damned lies, and statistics. † Example text: A recent survey found that 90% of students favoured no school uniforms at all.